END OF THE REPUBLIC - BEGINNING OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
27 B.C - Octavian defeats Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium and takes the title of Augustus and become first emperor of Rome.
FIRST ROMAN EMPEROR
Augustus (27 B.C - 14 A.D), Augustus has two great accomplishments-
1) Augustus made the tax collectors government officials and payed them regular wages because this way the tax collectors couldn't take more money than they were told and not get caught.
2) Augustus made a professional army of 150,000 soliders. This helped protect the city and fight enemies away from the empire. The soliders were put up around the border of the empire. This is important because it helped the city and it helped Audustus keep peace in the Roman Empire for longer.
JULIO - CLAUDIAN EMPERORS (14 A.D.- 69 A.D.)
1) Caligula
2) Claudius
3) Nero
4) Tiberius
5) Augustus
Year of The Four Emperors (69 A.D.)
1) Galba- One of his supporters, Otho, killed him.
2) Otho- He fought Vitellius, governor of Upper Germany, but Otho lost and was killed.
3) Vitellius- One of Vespasian's friends fought Vitellius, and Vitellius was killed.
4) Vespasian- Stayed Emperor by the peoples choice.
Year of The Five Emperors (193 A.D.)
1) Pertinax- He was overthrown and killed in a revolt of soliders
2) Didius Julianus- He was sentenced to death by his successor.
3) Pescennius Niger- While attempting to flee from he was killed.
4) Clodius Albinus- After a war, he was defeated and killed himself.
5) Septimius Severus- He got a fatal illness and died.
Year of The Six Emperors (238 A.D.)
1) Maximinus Thrax- He was assassinated by his Praetorian Guard.
2) Gordian I- After hearing about his co-emperors death, Gordian II, he hung himself with a belt.
3) Gordian II- He was killed in battle.
4) Pupienus- A Praetorian Guard seized both co-emperors and dragged them through the streets, eventually murdering them.
5) Balbinus- He was co-emperor with Pupienus and was murdered in the same way.
6) Gordian III- Died in battle
Emperor Diocletian (284-304)
Emperor Constantine (306-337)
Theodosius (379-395)
Fall of The Western Roman Empire (476 A.D.)
27 B.C - Octavian defeats Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium and takes the title of Augustus and become first emperor of Rome.
FIRST ROMAN EMPEROR
Augustus (27 B.C - 14 A.D), Augustus has two great accomplishments-
1) Augustus made the tax collectors government officials and payed them regular wages because this way the tax collectors couldn't take more money than they were told and not get caught.
2) Augustus made a professional army of 150,000 soliders. This helped protect the city and fight enemies away from the empire. The soliders were put up around the border of the empire. This is important because it helped the city and it helped Audustus keep peace in the Roman Empire for longer.
JULIO - CLAUDIAN EMPERORS (14 A.D.- 69 A.D.)
1) Caligula
2) Claudius
3) Nero
4) Tiberius
5) Augustus
Year of The Four Emperors (69 A.D.)
1) Galba- One of his supporters, Otho, killed him.
2) Otho- He fought Vitellius, governor of Upper Germany, but Otho lost and was killed.
3) Vitellius- One of Vespasian's friends fought Vitellius, and Vitellius was killed.
4) Vespasian- Stayed Emperor by the peoples choice.
Year of The Five Emperors (193 A.D.)
1) Pertinax- He was overthrown and killed in a revolt of soliders
2) Didius Julianus- He was sentenced to death by his successor.
3) Pescennius Niger- While attempting to flee from he was killed.
4) Clodius Albinus- After a war, he was defeated and killed himself.
5) Septimius Severus- He got a fatal illness and died.
Year of The Six Emperors (238 A.D.)
1) Maximinus Thrax- He was assassinated by his Praetorian Guard.
2) Gordian I- After hearing about his co-emperors death, Gordian II, he hung himself with a belt.
3) Gordian II- He was killed in battle.
4) Pupienus- A Praetorian Guard seized both co-emperors and dragged them through the streets, eventually murdering them.
5) Balbinus- He was co-emperor with Pupienus and was murdered in the same way.
6) Gordian III- Died in battle
Emperor Diocletian (284-304)
- Established property and income taxes to pay for roads, bridges, sewers, and defenses
- Set maximum prices on goods and wages
- Made workers keep the same job for life and had their children take on the same job
- Had local officials in charge of taxes
- Tetrarchy- rule by four
- Divide empire int two (East and West)
- Each side has an Emperor (Augustus) and an emperor in training (Ceaser)
Emperor Constantine (306-337)
- First emperor to be Christian
- Established Constantinople (The new capital)
- Fought at Milvian Bridge battle and beat Maxentis (East empire leader)
- Rules empire as a single emperor, instead of a Tetrarchy
- Legalizes Christianity by the Edict of Milan
Theodosius (379-395)
- Bans Gladiator games
- Church become above the government
- Out laws other religions than Christianity
- Solidified Christianity as official religion of empire
Fall of The Western Roman Empire (476 A.D.)
- Romulus Augustus- forced to resign to the Germanic warlord Odacer
- Germanic invasions had totally ruined Rome
- Rome became to dependent on foreign products/goods
- Parts of Rome were over taxed and other parts were not taxed
- Romans kept killing off emperors, not solving the problem of succession
- There were too many slaves who were non-Romans and they were not loyal
- Military became non-loyal and became a job that no-one wanted